MQL4参考语言基础变量 变量初始化

Initialization of Variables

Any variable can be initialized during definition. If a variable is not initialized explicitly, the value stored in this variable can be any. Implicit initialization is not used.

Global and static variables can be initialized only by a constant of the corresponding type or a constant expression. Local variables can be initialized by any expression, not just a constant.

Initialization of global and static variables is performed only once. Initialization of local variables is made every time you call the corresponding functions.

Examples:

int    n       = 1;
string s       = "hello";
double f[]     = { 0.0, 0.236, 0.382, 0.5, 0.618, 1.0 };
int    a[4][4] = { {1, 1, 1, 1}, {2, 2, 2, 2}, {3, 3, 3, 3}, {4, 4, 4, 4 } };
//--- from tetris
int    right[4]={WIDTH_IN_PIXELS+VERT_BORDER,WIDTH_IN_PIXELS+VERT_BORDER,
                 WIDTH_IN_PIXELS+VERT_BORDER,WIDTH_IN_PIXELS+VERT_BORDER};
//--- initialization of all fields of the structure with zero values
MqlTradeRequest request={0};

List of values of the array elements must be enclosed in curly brackets. Missed initializing sequences are considered equal to 0. The initializing sequence must have at least one value: this value is initialized to the first element of the corresponding structure or array, missing elements are considered equal to zero.

If the size of the initialized array is not specified, it is determined by a compiler, based on the size of the initialization sequence. Multi-dimensional arrays cannot be initialized by a one-dimensional sequence (a sequence without additional curly brackets), except for the case, when only one initializing element is specified (zero, as a rule).

Arrays (including those announced at the local level) can be initialized only by constants.

Examples:

struct str3
  {
   int               low_part;
   int               high_part;
  };
struct str10
  {
   str3              s3;
   double            d1[10];
   int               i3;
  };
void OnStart()
  {
   str10 s10_1={{1,0},{1.0,2.1,3.2,4.4,5.3,6.1,7.8,8.7,9.2,10.0},100};
   str10 s10_2={{1,0},{0},100};
   str10 s10_3={{1,0},{1.0}};
//---
   Print("1.  s10_1.d1[5] = ",s10_1.d1[5]);
   Print("2.  s10_2.d1[5] = ",s10_2.d1[5]);
   Print("3.  s10_3.d1[5] = ",s10_3.d1[5]);
   Print("4.  s10_3.d1[0] = ",s10_3.d1[0]);
  }

For structure type variable partial initialization is allowed, as well as for static arrays (with an implicitly set size). You can initialize one or more first elements of a structure or array, the other elements will be initialized with zeroes in this case.